EFTCL

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EFTCL

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Environmental Fate and Transport Chemistry Lab

Environmental Fate and Transport Chemistry LabEnvironmental Fate and Transport Chemistry LabEnvironmental Fate and Transport Chemistry Lab

Environmental Fate and Transport Chemistry Lab

Environmental Fate and Transport Chemistry LabEnvironmental Fate and Transport Chemistry LabEnvironmental Fate and Transport Chemistry Lab

EFTCL Overview

About Us

We are a research group in the Environmental Engineering section of the Department of Civil Engineering at IIT (BHU) Varanasi. We focus on studying the fate and transport chemistry of various pollutants of concern across different environmental components. We integrate concepts like chemical analysis and reactive transport modelling to predict the mobilization of pollutants in surface water, subsurface environments, and various anthropogenic environments, including sewage and sewage sludge. We also elucidate the chemical speciation of various pollutants of interest under relevant conditions, using aqueous and surface complexation modelling. Moreover, we study the effects of various physicochemical parameters, presence of ligands and redox potential on contaminants’ fate and transport.

Vision and Mission

 Our goal is to enhance understanding and prediction of environmental systems by studying the fate, speciation, and transport of pollutants in both natural and engineered environments. Our research supports science‑based solutions to protect water quality, ecosystems, and public health. We focus on combining advanced chemical analysis, solid‑phase characterization, and reactive transport modelling to explore how pollutants are mobilized and transformed in surface water, subsurface, and human-made settings such as sewage and sludge systems. Our approach involves systematically examining how physicochemical conditions, ligands, and redox dynamics influence contaminant behaviour, while developing knowledge and tools for sustainable environmental management, regulation, and decision‑making.

The Team

Dr. Anshuman Satpathy

Dr. Anshuman Satpathy

Dr. Anshuman Satpathy

 Assistant Professor

Civil Engineering Department, IIT (BHU)

Team Lead

Sarthak Dubey

Dr. Anshuman Satpathy

Dr. Anshuman Satpathy

 Ph.D. Scholar

Tushar Patel

Dr. Anshuman Satpathy

Tushar Patel

 Ph.D. Scholar

Rishi Kumar

Aman Kumar Yadav

Tushar Patel

 M.Tech Student

Aman Kumar Yadav

Aman Kumar Yadav

Aman Kumar Yadav

 M.Tech Student

Ankit Sinha

Aman Kumar Yadav

Aman Kumar Yadav

 M. Tech Student 

Team

Team Lead

 

The research group is led by Dr. Anshuman Satpathy, Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, IIT (BHU). He got his PhD. in Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering from Washington University in St. Louis (USA). His expertise includes the geochemistry of uranium in nuclear waste repositories and other subsurface environments; interface chemistry of clay sorbents; per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in wastewater and domestic and industrial sludges; surface complexation and dissolution-precipitation modelling; sorption techniques; and chemical extraction techniques.

Dr. Satpathy received interdisciplinary training in both Environmental Engineering and Environmental Earth Sciences during his PhD. He comes from a mining-heavy region of India, East Singhbhum district of Jharkhand, and has been concerned by the impacts of heavy metal pollution on surface water bodies and groundwater resources. He got his Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering from IIEST Shibpur and M. Tech. in Environmental Engineering and Management in Civil Engineering Department at IIT Kanpur. Dr. Satpathy has mentored many PhD. and Masters students during his postdoc training in Stevens Institute of Technology in New Jersey, USA and in the University of Notre Dame in Indiana, USA. leader in scientific innovation.

Ph.D. Scholar

Sarthak Dubey, a PhD. Scholar in the group (Civil Engineering Department, IIT BHU). He is from Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. He has a B.Tech in Civil Engineering and an M.Tech in Environmental Engineering. His research focuses on PFAS detection, analysis, and remediation in environmental matrices, especially wastewater and sewage sludge. His publications include an IWWA ICWSD 24 conference paper, a JETIR paper, and a RHAR 25 conference poster. His projects include a B.Tech project on an MBBR-based WWTP for an educational institution and an M.Tech project on low-cost filtration for greywater disposal directly into natural water bodies/sewerage networks. Sarthak has been providing teaching assistance (TA) in various Environmental Engineering core courses at IIT (BHU), including the UG lab course. He has mentored various UG and PG students in their respective projects. His hobbies include designing, music, singing, photography, sketching, painting, and writing. 

Ph.D. Scholar

Tushar Patel, a PhD. scholar in the group (Civil Engineering Department, IIT BHU). He is from Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh. He has a B.Tech in Civil Engineering and an M.Tech in Structural Design. His research focuses on uranium contamination in groundwater, using hydrogeochemical analysis, surface complexation modelling, and low-cost remediation methods to ensure safe drinking water. He has presented at an international conference at NIT Meghalaya (August 2–4, 2025) and has completed projects during his B. Tech and M.Tech courses. Tushar has been teaching assistant (TA) in various Environmental Engineering core courses at IIT (BHU) including PG lab course. He has mentored various UG and PG students in their respective projects. His hobbies include teaching and playing chess. 

M. Tech Student

Rishi Kumar is a graduated M.Tech student from Madhubani, Bihar, with a B.Tech in Civil Engineering. He is working on synthesis of organo-clay from clay found in porters workshop or farmland. Although Montmorillonite is preferred for this process, it is more expensive, so he uses porters clay, which is abundant and among the cheapest materials available. This organo-clay serves as a substitute for activated carbon to remove organic, inorganic, and non-polar organic molecules from water and soil.

M. Tech Student

Aman Kumar Yadav is an M.Tech student from Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, with a B.Tech in Civil Engineering. His research involves fractionation and speciation of chromium in sewage sludge and bioremediation of heavy metals. He aims to determine the environmental toxicity and biological availability of chromium fractions using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to develop sustainable recovery techniques that address public health and resource recovery. He attended the' Water Treatment, Reuse, and Resource Recovery" symposium (Dec 2025) at IIT(BHU) Varanasi and a workshop on SDGs (Feb 2026) organised by the SDG Centre at IIT (BHU). His projects include a comparative study on soil stabilization using crumb rubber and fly ash. His hobbies include speech and paper presentations, playing table tennis, and storytelling. 

M. Tech Student

Ankit Sinha is an M.Tech student from Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, with a B.Tech in Civil Engineering. His research focuses on green synthesis of magnetically recoverable iron oxide nanoparticles using bioactive plant extracts for sustainable remediation of Hexavalent Chromium [Cr(VI)] from industrial sludge. By using phytogenic capping agents, he aims to improve surface reactivity for adsorption and reduction, emphasising easy magnetic separation to prevent secondary pollution. This offers a cost-effective, circular-economy solution for detoxifying complex wastewater without hazardous chemicals. He attended a symposium on "Water Treatment, Reuse, and Resource Recovery" (Dec 11-12, 2025) at IIT(BHU) Varanasi and a workshop on SDGs (Feb 5, 2026), organised by the Virtual SDG Centre at IIT BHU. His projects include a study on concrete mix design for ultra-thin white topping. His hobbies include leadership, management, badminton, podcasts, and space science.  

Research Areas

Environmental Geochemistry

PFAS Detection and Remediation

PFAS Detection and Remediation

 Our research group works at the interface of environmental geochemistry, contaminant fate and transport, and sustainable remediation technologies, with a strong emphasis on pollutants of emerging and long-standing concern. A major thrust of our work is to understand the geochemistry of uranium in groundwater, nuclear waste repositories, and other subsurface environments. Through systematic hydrogeochemical characterisation, combined with surface complexation and reactive transport modelling, we investigate the processes that control uranium occurrence, speciation, mobility, and retention, including mineral dissolution, adsorption–desorption, and complexation with carbonate and other ligands. This work focuses particularly on groundwater systems in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, where uranium contamination poses serious long-term health risks due to widespread dependence on groundwater for drinking. Insights from field observations and modelling are translated into the development of low-cost, locally available remediation strategies using natural minerals, agricultural by-products, and iron-based sorbents to ensure practical and sustainable solutions for safe drinking water. 

PFAS Detection and Remediation

PFAS Detection and Remediation

PFAS Detection and Remediation

 Another key research focus is the fate & transportation, and remediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in wastewater, sewage sludge, and domestic and industrial waste streams. Given the extreme persistence, bioaccumulative nature, and toxicity of PFAS, our work addresses the significant challenges associated with their detection, chemical analysis, and removal from complex environmental matrices. We explore sorption mechanisms, chemical extraction techniques, and alternative sorbents to better understand PFAS partitioning between aqueous and solid phases, with the ultimate goal of improving remediation efficiency while reducing treatment costs. 

Interfacial Chemistry

PFAS Detection and Remediation

Interfacial Chemistry

 The group also conducts extensive research on interfacial chemistry and sorption processes involving clay minerals and engineered sorbents. This includes synthesising low‑cost organo‑clays from abundant local clays, such as potter’s or farmland clay, as sustainable alternatives to costly materials like activated carbon. By modifying naturally occurring clays—preferably montmorillonitic in character—these organo‑clays are tailored to remove a wide range of organic, inorganic, and non‑polar organic contaminants from water and soil systems. This work integrates solid‑phase analytical techniques, sorption studies, and modelling to evaluate performance under environmentally relevant conditions. 

Chromium

Green Nanotechnology

Interfacial Chemistry

  In the area of metal pollution, the group focuses on the fractionation, speciation, and bioavailability of toxic metals such as chromium in sewage sludge and contaminated soils. Using chemical extraction procedures and UV–Vis spectrophotometry, we distinguish exchangeable, reducible, oxidisable, and residual fractions to assess environmental toxicity and potential biological uptake. This understanding supports the development of biologically driven and resource‑recovery‑oriented remediation strategies that are both economically viable and environmentally sustainable. 

Green Nanotechnology

Green Nanotechnology

Green Nanotechnology

  Complementing this work, the group explores green nanotechnology approaches, including the phytogenic synthesis of magnetically recoverable iron oxide nanoparticles for the remediation of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from industrial sludge and wastewater. Using bioactive plant extracts as reducing and capping agents, these nanoparticles are designed to enhance surface reactivity for simultaneous adsorption and reduction of Cr(VI), while enabling facile magnetic separation to prevent secondary pollution. Overall, the group’s integrated research framework combines field studies, advanced chemical analysis, modelling, and low‑cost material development to deliver science‑driven, circular‑economy‑aligned solutions to pressing environmental and public health challenges. 

Active Projects

Risk Assessment on River Health due to emerging Contaminants [Pharmaceutical Pollutants and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances] and their remediation 

Surface complexation modelling of heavy metal adsorption on (oxy)hydroxide and clay minerals

Understanding the mobilization of geogenic uranium in the subsurface in Indo-Gangetic plain

Application of Green synthesized iron oxide nano particles on heavy metal removal 

Chromium speciation in sewage sludge 

Grants and Research Support

ANRF, Prime Minister’s Early Career Research Grant, ₹55,00,000: Understanding the Fate and Transport Mechanism of Geogenic Uranium in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (PI) 

IIT (BHU) Varanasi, 2025-2027, ₹45,30,000: Risk Assessment on River Health due to emerging Contaminants [Pharmaceutical Pollutants and Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances] and Approaches for their Removal (co-PI) 

Indian Army, 2025-2026, ₹45,00,000: Absorption of Eco-Friendly & Green Technology in the Indian Army (co-PI) 

Tetra Tech, Inc., 2023-2024, $163,594: Column testing for reactive media of permeable reactive barriers focused feasibility study for operable unit 3 (ou-3) interim remedy Lower Darby Creek area Superfund site, Delaware and Philadelphia counties, Pennsylvania (co-PI). [completed] 

MoU's

Memorandum of Understanding between IIT (BHU) and Mitra SK Private Limited, a company with more than 85 years of expertise in metal ore characterization and analysis of emerging contaminants in environmental matrices. (through the initiative of the team lead, Dr. Satpathy) 

Publications

Journal Publications:

  • Pan, Zezhen, Xiaoming Zhu, Anshuman Satpathy, Wenlu Li, John D. Fortner, and Daniel E. Giammar. "Cr (VI) adsorption on engineered iron oxide nanoparticles: exploring complexation processes and water chemistry." Environmental Science & Technology 53, no. 20 (2019): 1191311921. 
  • Anshuman Satpathy, Qihuang Wang (joint first author), Daniel E. Giammar, and Zimeng Wang. "Intercomparison and Refinement of Surface Complexation Models for U (VI) Adsorption onto Goethite Based on a Metadata Analysis." Environmental Science & Technology 55, no. 13 (2021): 9352- 9361. 
  • Anshuman Satpathy, Jeffrey G. Catalano, and Daniel E. Giammar. "Reduction of U (VI) on Chemically Reduced Montmorillonite and Surface Complexation Modeling of Adsorbed U (IV)." Environmental Science & Technology 56, no. 7 (2022): 4111-4120. 
  • Chardi, Kyle J., Anshuman Satpathy, Walter DC Schenkeveld, Naresh Kumar, Vincent Noël, Stephan M. Kraemer, and Daniel E. Giammar. "Ligand-Induced U Mobilization from Chemogenic Uraninite and Biogenic Noncrystalline U (IV) under Anoxic Conditions." Environmental Science & Technology 56, no. 10 (2022): 6369-6379. 
  • Anshuman Satpathy, Neha Sharma, Weiyi Pan, Jeffrey G. Catalano, and Daniel E. Giammar. "Exchange between Dissolved U (VI) and Adsorbed and Precipitated Forms of Solid-Associated U." ACS Earth and Space Chemistry 7, no. 8 (2023): 1528-1535.
  • Anshuman Satpathy, and Amy E. Hixon. "Eu (III) and Am (III) adsorption on aluminum (hydr) oxide minerals: surface complexation modeling." Geochemical Transactions 24, no. 1 (2023): 2.
  • Eustace Y. Fernando, Dibyendu Sarkar, Chatchai Rodwihok, Anshuman Satpathy, Jinxin Zhang, Roxana Rahmati, Rupali Datta, Christos Christodoulatos, Michel Boufadel, Steven Larson and Zhiming Zhang. “Unrefined and Milled Ilmenite as a Cost-Effective Photocatalyst for UV-Assisted Destruction and Mineralization of PFAS.” Materials 17, no. 15 (2024): 3801
  • Zhiming Zhang, Anshuman Satpathy (joint first author), Kirby Morris, Abhishek RoyChowdhury, Rupali Datta, Dibyendu Sarkar. “Organic Amendments Improve the Quality of Coal Gob Spoils: A Sustainable Mining Waste Reclamation Method.” Journal of Applied Sciences 14, no. 21 (2024): 9723.
  • Zhiming Zhang, Sevda Joudiazar (joint first author), Anshuman Satpathy, Eustace Fernando, Roxana Rahmati, Junchul Kim, Giacomo de Falco, Rupali Datta and Dibyendu Sarkar. “Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Using Commercially Available Sorbents.” Materials 18, no. 6 (2025): 1299


 Conference Presentations:

  • Anshuman Satpathy, Daniel E. Giammar, and Jeffrey G. Catalano. "U(VI) reduction by structural Fe(II) in montmorillonite." In Mid-American Environmental Engineering Conference, 2020 in Edwardsville, IL. 
  • Anshuman Satpathy, and Daniel E. Giammar. "Trends of uranium (IV) adsorption onto clay minerals." In ACS Spring, 2019 in Orlando. 
  • Anshuman Satpathy, Daniel E. Giammar. "Intercomparison of surface complexation models for uranium (VI) adsorption to goethite: Sources of variation in model output and movement toward a more globally optimal model." In ACS Spring, 2018 in New Orleans.

International Collaborations

 

  • Dr. Daniel E. Giammar (Walter E. Brown Professor, Washington University in St. Louis)
  • Dr. Jeffrey G. Catalano (Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis)
  • Dr. Dibyendu Sarkar (Professor, Stevens Institute of Technology)
  • Dr. Amy Hixon (Professor, University of Notre Dame)
  • Dr. Zimeng Wang (Professor, Fudan University)
  • Dr. Naresh Kumar (Assistant Professor, Wageningen University, The Netherlands)
  • Dr. Mathew Johnson (Professor, University of Nottingham, UK)

Gallery

Dr. Satpathy delivering his research talk at IWTRRR 25

Dr. Satpathy recieving Honour from Prof. Ashok Kumar Gupta (IIT Kharagpur)

Dr Satpathy recieving Honour from Prof. Ashok Kumar Gupta (IIT Kharagpur)

Dr Satpathy getting  felicitated by Dr. Shreyansh Jain (IIT BHU) in esteemed presence of Prof. Vinod

Dr Satpathy getting felicitated by Dr. Shreyansh Jain (IIT BHU) in esteemed presence of Prof. Vinod Tare (Founder: c-Ganga) and Prof. P.K. Singh (IIT BHU) 

Contact Us

Better yet, see us in person!

 Dr. Anshuman Satpathy 

Contact: asatpathy.civ@itbhu.ac.in

  +917033296287


 

Sarthak Dubey

Contact: sarthakdubey.rs.civ24@itbhu.ac.in

+91 9039891810 


 

Tushar Patel

Contact: tusharpatel.rs.civ24@itbhu.ac.in

+91 9236219232


 

Rishi Kumar

Contact: rishikumar.civ24@itbhu.ac.in

+91 9304517976


 

Aman Kumar Yadav

Contact: amankumaryadav.civ25@itbhu.ac.in 

+91 7007083488


 

Ankit Sinha

Contact: ankitsinha.civ25@itbhu.ac.in

+91 7067679022


 


Department of Civil Engineering, IIT (Banaras Hindu University), Banaras Hindu University Campus, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

Hours

Mon

09:00 am – 05:00 pm

Tue

09:00 am – 05:00 pm

Wed

09:00 am – 05:00 pm

Thu

09:00 am – 05:00 pm

Fri

09:00 am – 05:00 pm

Sat

09:00 am – 05:00 pm

Sun

Closed

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